Personal observations of Achenbach syndrome

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MPWdmD

Evolution of Kaposi sarcoma in the past 30 years in a tertiary hospital of the European Mediterranean basin

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ttc3ux

Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases (EGIDs) beyond Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)

Publication date: Available online 22 June 2018
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Maureen Egan, Glenn T. Furuta
ObjectiveEosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases (EGIDs) are a rare group of disorders that can have varied clinical presentations dependent on the involved segment within the gastrointestinal tract. Eosinophilic gastritis presents with abdominal pain or vomiting; Eosinophilic gastroenteritis presents with diarrhea and anemia/hypoalbuminemia and Eosinophilic colitis can present with diarrhea or bloody stools. These nonspecific symptoms remain poorly understood as to their relationship to the underlying pathogenesis but a significant percentage of patients are atopic. Here we discuss the current literature on EGIDs to promote a practical approach to the diagnosis and care.Data SourcesReview of published literatureStudy SelectionsClinically relevant literature from 1900-2018 was obtained from a PubMed search. Those which addressed prevalence, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, natural history and treatment of EGID's were reviewed and are summarized here.ResultsOf the total 485 articles found in the search, majority of which were case reports, 71 were selected for review. The natural history of EGIDs is based primarily on case series and small numbers of patients making therapeutic decisions difficult. Treatment remains limited to dietary restriction that is not effective in many patients and topical or systemic corticosteroids whose long-term use is to be avoided if possible.ConclusionsWith the seeming increase in all types of EGIDs, phenotypic descriptions are emerging that will likely promote better understanding of the pathogenesis and identification of novel therapeutic targets.



https://ift.tt/2KaE7K5

Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes in Chinese crocodile lizard Shinisaurus crocodilurus

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Molecular Immunology, Volume 101
Author(s): Francisco Gambón-Deza, David N. Olivieri
Squamata are reptiles that diverged from mammals 300 million years ago. During this period, the immunoglobulin (IG) and T lymphocyte receptor (TCR) genes evolved parallel to mammals. However, unlike mammals whose IG/TCR locus has retained a constant structure throughout evolution, Squamata have witnessed duplications, losses, and/or gains in the domains of their immunoglobulin genes. The recent genome sequencing of Shinisaurus crocodilurus, a representative species of the oldest reptiles, provides an opportunity to contrast the structure of IG and TCR genes from previously studied Squamata. This study revealed ten immunoglobulin genes: five genes for immunoglobulin M (IgM), two for immunoglobulin D (IgD), one for immunoglobulin D2 (IgD2), and two for immunoglobulin Y (IgY). As in other Squamata, there are genes for the λ light chain (IGLV) but not for the κ chain (IGKV). Here, the data shows that in some IgM genes, the cysteine needed to bind the λ chains does not exist, but we present evidence for possible non-covalent binding to the light chain. With respect to TCR, one gene is detected for the α constant chain (TRAC) and two genes for the β constant chain (TRBC); one of which is located in the locus of the variable regions of the heavy chain. As in the rest of the Squamata, genes for the γ/δ T cell receptor were not found. The V gene repertoire is found to be consistent with all other Squamata with few V genes for beta chain of TCR.



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Acquired and genetic host susceptibility factors and microbial pathogenic factors that predispose to nontuberculous mycobacterial infections

Jennifer R Honda | Scott Alper | Xiyuan Bai | Edward D Chan

https://ift.tt/2yChuwU

Cytokine modulation of atopic itch

Anna M Trier | Brian S Kim

https://ift.tt/2tq0rsa

Treatment Paradigm for Nasal Airway Obstruction

Nasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a common otolaryngic complaint with many potential causes, frequently structural or inflammatory in nature. Patients typically have multiple coexisting factors leading to symptoms. Good patient outcomes require careful preoperative evaluation, including nasal endoscopy, to accurately identify sources of obstruction and tailor intervention appropriately. Common structural causes of NAO include inferior turbinate hypertrophy, nasal septal deviation, and narrowing or collapse of the internal or external nasal valves. The internal nasal valve has the narrowest cross-sectional area within the nasal airway and is thus most sensitive to changes in dimension due to anatomic variation or surgical intervention.

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