Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells with Different Grain Sizes

Perovskite solar cells exhibit improved photovoltaic parameters with increasing perovskite grain size. The larger photocurrent is due to the enhanced absorption efficiency for thicker perovskite layers. The larger open-circuit voltage (V_OC) is ascribed to the reduced trap-assisted recombination for the larger grains. As a result, the power conversion efficiency exceeds 19% at best. Further improvement in V_OC would be possible if the trap density were reduced.

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