Hydration and Thermal Expansion in Anatase Nanoparticles

A tunable thermal expansion is reported in nanosized anatase by taking advantage of surface hydration. The coefficient of thermal expansion of 4 nm TiO₂ along a-axis is negative with hydrated surface and is positive without hydrated surface. High-energy synchrotron X-ray pair distribution function analysis combining with ab initio calculations on the specific hydrated surface have been carried out to reveal the local structure distortion that is responsible for the unusual negative thermal expansion.

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