Omalizumab substantially improves dermatology-related quality of life in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Abstract

Background

Chronic spontaneous/idiopathic urticaria (CSU/CIU) has substantial detrimental effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with an effect comparable to or worse than many other skin diseases.

Objective

To assess the effect of omalizumab on CSU patients' HRQoL, measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) in three phase III studies ASTERIA I, ASTERIA II, and GLACIAL.

Methods

A post-hoc analysis examined changes in DLQI scores, distribution of patients across DLQI bands and the proportion reaching minimal clinically important difference (MCID) following omalizumab vs placebo.

Results

Omalizumab 300 mg significantly improved total DLQI scores vs placebo, with a mean decrease from baseline to week 12 of -10.3 vs -6.1 (P<.0001) in ASTERIA I, -10.2 vs -6.1 (P=.0004) in ASTERIA II and -9.7 vs -5.1 (P<.0001) in GLACIAL. A significant shift from high disease impact on life at baseline towards less impact at week 12 was seen with omalizumab 300 mg vs placebo (P<.001; all studies). The proportion of patients where change in mean total DLQI score from baseline to week 12 reached an MCID of ≥4 was 74.1%, 76.0% and 77.2% in ASTERIA I, II and GLACIAL, respectively (P<.01; all studies).

Limitations

Maximum duration of omalizumab treatment was 24 weeks.

Conclusion

This additional analysis assessed the impact of CSU and benefit of treatment with omalizumab by exploring different facets of DLQI data by treatment arm at multiple assessment points. The original aspects of analysis included applying the concept of the recently validated score for the MCID of the DLQI, changes in DLQI domain scores and in the distribution of subjects based on validated total DLQI score bands. It showed consistently that omalizumab provides significant and clinically relevant improvements in many aspects of HRQoL that are important to patients with CSU. These results contribute to a better understanding of the impact of CSU and its treatment on patients and can support clinical decision making in routine medical practice.

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