Clinical course of MOG antibody-associated recurrent demyelinating diseases

Antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein are associated with a relapsing disease course, with optic neuritis being the most frequent clinical presentation at onset and relapse

Antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are present in patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), aquaporin-4 antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), isolated optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis, encephalomyelitis or brainstem encephalitis, but only rarely in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Initial studies indicated that MOG antibodies are associated with a monophasic and more benign disease course, whereas recent findings challenged this assumption. These studies revealed that MOG antibodies are also found in patients with a recurrent non-MS disease course, particularly in adolescents and adults.1–4 The most frequent clinical presentation at relapse is ON, and the majority of patients are finally diagnosed with NMOSD or related disorders such as recurrent ON.

In their JNNP manuscript, Ramanathan and colleagues

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