Publication date: June–July 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Volume 145, Issues 6–7
Author(s): M. Méchineaud, M. Mercier, Y. Le Corre, A. Croué, N. Ifrah, L. Martin
IntroductionNous rapportons un cas de lymphome T cutané et systémique ayant résisté au traitement conventionnel et dont l'évolution a conduit à réaliser une greffe de moelle haplo-identique.ObservationUne femme de 53 ans consultait pour un érythème infiltré du visage, des lésions kératosiques du tronc et des adénopathies centimétriques axillaires et inguinales. Le diagnostic de syndrome de Sézary (SS), forme leucémique d'un lymphome T cutané épidermotrope, était retenu. Après 3 ans de traitement par méthotrexate, la patiente développait un SS transformé avec atteinte viscérale. Le fort risque de rechute et l'absence de donneur HLA-compatible amenait à la réalisation d'une greffe haplo-identique de moelle osseuse. La patiente était en rémission complète à 2 ans et demi. L'évolution était cependant marquée par l'apparition, un an après la greffe, d'une éruption lichénoïde blaschko-distribuée dont l'aspect histologique était compatible avec une réaction du greffon contre l'hôte (GVH) chronique ; elle était traitée efficacement par bétaméthasone topique.DiscussionNous rapportons, à notre connaissance, la première greffe haplo-identique réalisée pour un lymphome cutané T transformé et systémique. Ce traitement pourrait désormais être une option pour les patients nécessitant une allogreffe mais n'ayant pas de donneur compatible. Les lésions lichénoïdes blaschko-distribuées attribuées à une GVH chronique pourraient être la conséquence d'une perte d'immunotolérance vis-à-vis de clones embryologiques anormaux, provoquant ainsi une réaction inflammatoire médiée par les lymphocytes T.BackgroundHerein, we report a case of systemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma refractory to standard therapy, the course of which resulted in haplo-identical bone marrow grafting.Patients and methodsA 53-year-old woman consulted for facial erythema with infiltration, keratotic lesions on the trunk, and adenopathies measuring around 1cm on the axilla and inguinal folds. A diagnosis was made of Sézary syndrome (SS), a leukaemic form of epidermotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. After three years of treatment with methotrexate, the patient developed transformed SS with visceral involvement. Given the high risk of relapse and the absence of an HLA-compatible donor, haploidentical bone marrow grafting was performed. The patient was still in complete remission two and a half years later. The disease course was nevertheless marked by the emergence one year after grafting of a Blaschko-distributed lichenoid eruption having histological features consistent with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD); treatment with topical betamethasone proved efficacious.DiscussionTo our knowledge, this is the first reported case of haploidentical grafting for systemic and transformed cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This approach could henceforth represent a therapeutic option for patients requiring an allograft in the absence of compatible donors. The Blaschko-distributed lichenoid lesions attributed to chronic GVHD could be the result of reduced immune tolerance to abnormal embryological clones leading to a T-lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory reaction.
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Παρασκευή 8 Ιουνίου 2018
Lymphome T cutané et systémique traité avec succès par greffe haplo-identique
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