RESUMEN Introducción En los países en desarrollo la problemática de cuerpos extraños (CE) en los Servicios de Otorrinolaringología está mal estudiada, la literatura sobre el tema es escasa. El estudio fue realizado para caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico en pacientes atendidos con CE en el Servicio de ORL/Hospital Central de Maputo (HCM) (período de 1983 a 2009). Objetivo El estudio fue realizado para caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico en pacientes atendidos con cuerpos extraños en el Servicio de ORL del Hospital Central de Maputo (HCM) en el período de 1983 a 2009. Material y Método Se realizó un estudio transversal utilizando datos retrospectivos de pacientes con cuerpos extraños atendidos en el HCM. Se recogieron datos demográficos, sobre CE, ubicación anatómica, tratamientos efectuados y complicaciones clínicas. Los datos se procesaron utilizando el SPSS-v15. Los resultados descriptivos se muestran en tablas y gráficos. Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 4.826 pacientes. Se observó predominio del sexo masculino y la mayoría pertenecía a la edad pediátrica. Los CE predominantes fueron los metales y la espina de pescado. La región anatómica más afectada fue el canal auditivo externo. Conclusión Este estudio presenta una compilación única que abarca un período de 26 años constituyendo una importante fuente de información al respecto. Demuestra la magnitud del problema en la edad pediátrica y presenta las características de los CE involucrados y las respectivas localizaciones anatómicas.
ABSTRACT Introduction In developing countries, the problem of foreign bodies (FB) in ENT Services is poorly studied and the literature related to the subject is rare. This study was performed to characterize the epidemiological profile in patients treated with FB in ENT Department/Maputo Central Hospital (MCH) (1983-2009 period). Aim This study was performed to characterize the epidemiological profile in patients treated with foreign bodies in ENT Department of Maputo Central Hospital (MCH) in the 1983-2009 period. Material and Method A cross-sectional study was performed using the retrospective data from patients with FB treated at MCH. Demographic data were collected on FB, their anatomical location, any treatment, clinical complications among others. The data were processed using the SPSS-v15. Descriptive results were presented in tables and graphs. Results We included a total of 4826 patients. The most affected population groups were males and children under 14 years. The most frequent FB were metals. The most common anatomical locations of FB was the external ear canal. Conclusions This study presents a unique collection covering a period of 26 years, constituting, therefore, an important source of information on the subject. This study demonstrates the magnitude of the problem in the pediatric age and presents the characteristics of the FB involved and their anatomical locations. The evidence of this study are important to inform clinical prevention and training strategies to deal with this issue at the level of primary health care. This study is important to inform about strategies to prevent it, but also useful in the formation of clinics to better deal with this type of patients at the level of primary health care.
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