Publication date: Available online 4 February 2016
Source:Revue des Maladies Respiratoires
Author(s): P.-R. Burgel, A. Bergeron, C. Knoop, D. Dusser
IntroductionLes immunodépressions congénitales et acquises peuvent se compliquer d'atteintes respiratoires touchant les voies aériennes distales. L'objectif de cet article est de faire une mise au point sur les atteintes des voies aériennes distales rencontrées lors des principales causes d'immunodépression.État des connaissancesLes déficits immunitaires communs d'expression variable se compliquent fréquemment d'atteintes bronchiolaires et de dilatations des bronches d'origine infectieuse. Des bronchiolites folliculaires ou granulomateuses d'étiologie non infectieuse peuvent également survenir. La bronchiolite oblitérante est la première cause de mortalité après la première année post-greffe chez les patients ayant eu une transplantation pulmonaire. Elle peut survenir chez les patients ayant eu une allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques, en particulier en cas de réaction du greffon contre l'hôte.Perspectives et conclusionsLes atteintes des voies aériennes distales ont une expression et une physiopathologie variables selon la cause de l'immunodépression. Une meilleure compréhension de ces pathologies pourrait permettre le développement de thérapeutiques ciblées.IntroductionInnate or acquired immune deficiency may show respiratory manifestations, often characterized by small airway involvement. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of small airway disease across the major causes of immune deficiency.BackgroundIn patients with common variable immune deficiency, recurrent lower airway infections may lead to bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis. Follicular and/or granulomatous bronchiolitis of unknown origin may also occur. Bronchiolitis obliterans is the leading cause of death after the first year in patients with lung transplantation. Bronchiolitis obliterans also occurs in patients with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, especially in the context of systemic graft-versus-host disease.Viewpoint and conclusionSmall airway diseases have different clinical expression and pathophysiology across various causes of immune deficiency. A better understanding of small airways disease pathogenesis in these settings may lead to the development of novel targeted therapies.
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Πέμπτη 4 Φεβρουαρίου 2016
Atteinte des voies aériennes distales et immunodépression
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