Publication date: Available online 18 May 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): W. Labbardi, F. Hali, F. Marnissi, B. Cribier, S. Chiheb
IntroductionL'hidradénocarcinome est une tumeur maligne rare, développée aux dépens des glandes sudoripares. Il survient classiquement de novo et résulte rarement de la dégénérescence d'un hidradénome bénin préexistant. Les métastases ganglionnaires au cours de cette tumeur sont rarement décrites dans la littérature. Nous rapportons l'observation d'un patient ayant un hidradénocarcinome du talon associé à des métastases ganglionnaires inguinales.ObservationUn homme de 64 ans, tabagique chronique sevré, présentait depuis deux ans un nodule indolore du talon droit, sans notion de lésion préexistante, augmentant progressivement de taille pour former une tumeur ulcérée. L'examen clinique trouvait une masse tumorale arrondie, ulcérée au centre, associée à un magma d'adénopathies inguinales droites. L'étude histologique et immunohistochimique était évocatrice d'un hidradénocarcinome. Le patient était traité par exérèse tumorale large associée à un curage inguinal homolatéral. L'étude histologique du curage ganglionnaire montrait des ganglions infiltrés par la tumeur, avec une effraction capsulaire. Une radiothérapie était effectuée dans un second temps. L'évolution était bonne, sans récidive avec un recul de 34 mois.DiscussionL'hidradénocarcinome est une tumeur maligne rare. Le diagnostic repose sur l'étude histologique et immunohistochimique. Toutefois, il est parfois difficile de distinguer un hidradénocarcinome d'un hidradénome bénin, d'où l'intérêt d'une exérèse chirurgicale complète avec des marges de sécurité même en l'absence de critère cytologique de malignité. Les récidives locales sont fréquentes. Les métastases sont rares et surviennent habituellement après l'exérèse de la tumeur, ce qui fait l'originalité de notre observation.BackgroundHidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumour involving the sweat glands. It classically arises de novo, only rarely resulting from pre-existing hidradenoma. The literature contains few reports of lymph node metastasis in this tumour. We report a case of a patient with hidradenocarcinoma of the heel associated with inguinal node metastases.Patients and methodsWe report the case of a 64-year-old patient with a history of chronic smoking, who in the last two years developed a painless nodule in his right heel, with no prior injury, and which gradually increased in size to become an ulcerated tumour. Physical examination revealed a rounded tumour mass, ulcerated in the centre, and associated with multiple inguinal adenopathies. Histological and immunohistochemical examination was suggestive of hidradenocarcinoma. The patient had undergone extensive local excision with inguinal lymphadenectomy. Histological examination showed infiltration of lymph nodes by the tumour with capsular rupture. Radiotherapy was subsequently given. The outcome was good without recurrence after 34 months of follow-up.DiscussionHidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumour. Diagnosis is based on histological and immunohistochemical examination. However, hidradenocarcinoma may on occasion be difficult to differentiate from hidradenoma, a benign tumour, hence the interest of complete surgical resection with safety margins even in the absence of cytological malignancy. Local recurrences are common. The occurrence of lymph node metastasis during hidradenocarcinoma has been described only rarely in the literature. Such metastases usually occur after tumour resection. The specific features of our case are the rarity of lymph node metastases in hidradenocarcinoma coupled with the fact that these metastases were discovered upon diagnosis of the primary tumour.
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