Bronchial thermoplasty induces immunomodulation with a significant increase in pulmonary CD4+25+ regulatory T cells

Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a method of treating airways and randomized prospective trials have shown positive clinical effects of BT in patients with severe asthma.1 The mechanisms underlying BT airway treatment are not completely understood. Animal and human studies have shown that BT decreases airway smooth muscle mass and contraction.2 Because airway smooth muscle is a source of many proinflammatory factors and mediators, another result of BT could be the attenuation of airway inflammation.

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